A Comparative Study of Ecological Values in the Mamasa Folklore (Toyolo) and the Ecological Spirituality of Francis of Assisi
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Abstract
This research aims to explore and compare the ecological values contained in the oral tradition of Toyolo in Mamasa with the ecotheology of Francis of Assisi. Toyolo, as one of the folktales of Mamasa, conveys moral and spiritual messages that are closely related to nature and to the harmonious relationship between humans and their environment. On the other hand, Francis of Assisi is known for his ecological spirituality, which emphasizes universal brotherly love, humility before creation, and humanity’s responsibility to care for the earth as a common home.
Through a comparative study approach, this research seeks to identify points of convergence between the local wisdom of Mamasa and Western theological thought in the field of ecology. The findings show that both Toyolo and the ecotheology of Francis of Assisi stress the importance of a harmonious relationship between humans and nature, although expressed through different symbols and forms. This comparison opens space for the development of a contextual ecotheology that is relevant to the Mamasa community, while at the same time enriching the broader discourse of ecological theology.
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Accepted 31.12.2025
Published 31.12.2025
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